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PROTOCOLS AND INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF EXISTING BUILT HERITAGE
Application for a timely identification of the damage
The implementation of the high-resolution system for a timely identification and assessment of the damage in the building under observation, is based on real-time analysis of multispectral information, processed according to the diagnostic methodologies for images (i.e., thermography, sonic tomography, multispectral images). The system is able to correlate the position of the damage with the alteration of the mechanical behaviour of the materials constituting the structure.
Thanks to ACER’s building stock availability, the implementation of the pilot project takes place in two use cases representative of complex scenarios, in which experiment in real life, in an operational environment, the functionalities of the monitoring and diagnostic system architecture and the fulfilment of the predictive requirements.
The building in via Alberto Mario in Bologna is a demonstration of the technologies applied to predictive maintenance in buildings, designed to create a hub of knowledge networks. The systems acquire data in real time related to the overall behaviour of the building, from which are subsequently extrapolated the appropriate information pertaining to the structural and thermo-hygrometric behaviour linked to the use of the premises. The case study consists of a multi-storey building located in the centre of a lot in expansion, of a public residential character, built in the early 1950s by the then Institute for Public Housing of Bologna. The building develops for four levels above ground and a basement that can be reached by a stairwell in reinforced concrete which forms the rigid core within an elevation in load-bearing masonry and slabs in brick-concrete.
The system architecture was designed to provide a high level of knowledge of the building that allows the preparation of effective maintenance procedures. Without interrupting the residential use of the building, the system architecture was designed in three components consisting of: the data acquisition subsystem composed of a wireless sensor network, the recording station and the processing system. Preliminarily, a three-dimensional morphometric database of the building was prepared to support the advanced implementation of the InSPiRE platform.
Applications for the evaluation of the energy behaviour of the building
In the context of energy monitoring, the activities conducted have seen the characterization of the case study, in order to ensure its representativeness compared to the entirety of the buildings of the public residential heritage. Therefore, other recurring building types were identified in the ACER-BO real estate assets and simulations were carried out preliminary to evaluate the energy performance of the buildings. Consequently, a collection of maintenance interventions was designed, correlated with the main building types present in the real estate assets of ACER Bologna, interfacing with the maintenance management system used by the agency. In this way, the most recurrent interventions were classified according to the technical elements involved, the methods of execution and the frequency, in relation to the different types of buildings involved.
Starting from the data obtained, for each building under study, design hypotheses were made for redevelopment and energy adjustment. Energy simulations were also conducted to estimate the effectiveness of the various design strategies hypothesized. Specifically, two levels of redevelopment for the building-type were analysed: a “typical redevelopment“, through the application of commonly used measures, and an “advanced redevelopment“, through the introduction of interventions that reflect the best available technologies.
